Lymphatic System Outline

Lymphatic System Outline

Lymphatic and immune system are kind of one in the same, linked together

Immunity- key job of lymphatic system

3 jobs of lymphatic

Microorganisms—use body for shelter and nutrition causing sickness and death

Immune system---2 types of immunity

innate_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

adaptive_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Pieces that make up lymphatic

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Jobs of lymphatic system

Fluid balance_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lymph vessel_________________________________________________________

Fat absorption_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Defense_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lymph nodes---3 superficial aggregations

-Swell up when you get sick-

FLOW OF LYMPH

· nodes are placed along the pathway of lymph

All lymph will have to pass thru one of these on way back to blood

Afferent______________________

Efferent______________________

---Inside lymph node—specialized type of connective tissue---protein fibers reticular fibers

Lymph nodule—aggregations of lymphocyte (produce antibodies and other immune substances)

-----Watch lymph pass by and if there is Micro Organism they will reach out and grab it

----spaces between lymph nodules=sinuses

lymphocytes>rapid cell division, causing lymph node to swell up—carry lymph back down to one of the nodes----

On right side of head, thoracic cavity and arm---right lymphatic duct> right subclavain vein

All the rest drains into the---thoracic duct> L. subclavian vein

All fluid pushed out will be drawn back in by colloidal osmotic pressure or be returned to blood at subclavian vein

Other lymphatic tissue

Tonsils---3 types

i. pharyngeal tonsils_______________________________________

ii. palentine tonsils________________________________________

iii. inguinal tonsils_________________________________________

***infectious agent get in body by eating drinking, or even breathing air***

--When Micro Organisms come in contact with lymphocytes---they undergo rapid mitotic division causing swelling in nodes---

Spleen_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2 types of tissue

white pulp_________________________________

red pulp___________________________________

-----within the walls of the spleen>smooth muscle (holds about 1.5 cup of blood)

When body goes into shock, spleen will contract forcing out the extra blood in an attempt to keep the B/P from dropping

3. Thymus gland___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

****3 major classes of Lymphocytes

All are formed in the Red Bone Marrow, and NK and B-cells mature here

Immunity

2 types

Innate Immunity

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Activation products of compliment cascade:

phagocytosis___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

cellular lysis__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

inflammation___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Antibody_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interferon_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Antiviral protein - prevents infection of other cells

Cells in innate immunity

macrophages_________________________________________________

mast cells___________________________________________________

basophils___________________________________________________

eosinophils__________________________________________________

Inflammation can be local or systemic________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Adaptive immunity_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Key players in process of Adaptive Immunity---

____________________________________________________________

a. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Primary function---activate B-cells and other T-cells

b. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

---reason immune system does go after own antigens

c. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Lymphocytes exist as discreet clones—receptors on surface of lymphocyte is very specific for particular type of antigen

--population of individual lymphocytes capable of responding to every known antigen—

---a virus has multiple different antigen sites (on an individual MICROORGANSIM)

---Receptors on receptors on surface of lymphocyte---operate in lock and key fashion with antigens---

All lymphocytes that have identical receptors are----CLONE

· we have ( very small in #) clone of lymphocytes capable of responding to every known antigen

---also have capability of responding to your own host antigens except during prenatal stages( fetal)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2 basic types of adaptive immunity---

humeral( antibody mediated immunity)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

cell mediated immunity______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3-part process for B-cells (humeral) to start producing antibodies:

processing/presentation___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

MHC---2 types---MHC1—found in all cells in the body and MHC2---only appears on antigen presented cells

activate helper T-cells____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

activate B-cell_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 different types of immunoglobins

****GAMED******

----Primary response---________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

-----Secondary response----________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Adaptive---Cytotoxic T-cells (cell mediated)

· all other cells in body produce MHC 1—takes own protein and incorporates it on the surface of the cell

· if it is a self protein—immune system will leave alone

· if virus injects itself into cell---fundamentally changes protein produced y that cell===MHC 1 and foreign protein attached to outside

Processes of Cytotoxic T-cells killing

1. perforin garanzyme---2 part 1) leak perforin punching hole in cell---cytoplasm leaks 2) leaves chem. Garanzyme causing apoptosis( programmed cell death)

2. FAS/ FASL---receptor that infects cells in body ( cancer cell)

· together will do 2 things

activates colitic enzymes within cell

produces nuclease—breaks down nucleic acid in cell

Aquired adaptive Immunity________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Active immunity________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Passive immunity________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

ACTIVE________________________________________________________________

Active artificial___________________________________________________________

Passive__________________________________________________________________

Passive natural__________________________________________________________________

Passive artificial_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________